{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:02:30Z","timestamp":1791241350000,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Vascular calcification, causing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, is associated with hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In vitro, phosphate induces transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to osteoblast-like cells that express alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In vivo, raised serum ALP activities are associated with increased mortality. A new bone ALP isoform (B1x) has been identified in serum from CKD patients. The present study investigated the different ALP isoforms in calcifying human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; HAoSMCs were cultured for 30 days in medium containing 5 or 10 mmol\/l \u03b2-glycerophosphate in the presence or absence of the ALP-specific inhibitor tetramisole. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; All known bone-specific ALP (BALP) isoforms (B\/I, B1x, B1 and B2) were identified in HAoSMCs. \u03b2-Glycerophosphate stimulated calcification of HAoSMCs, which was associated with increased BALP isoforms B\/I, B1x and B2. Tetramisole inhibited the \u03b2-glycerophosphate-induced HAoSMC calcification, which was paralleled by the inhibition of the B1x and B\/I, but not the other isoforms. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; HAoSMCs express the four known BALP isoforms. B\/I, B1x and B2 could be essential for soft tissue calcification. B\/I and B1x were more affected by tetramisole than the other isoforms, which suggests different biological functions during calcification of HAoSMCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000346161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,14]],"date-time":"2013-01-14T14:17:18Z","timestamp":1358173038000},"page":"167-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Calcifying Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells Express Different Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Isoforms, Including the Novel B1x Isoform"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mathias","family":"Haarhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans 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