{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:49:01Z","timestamp":1790434141540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background\/Aim:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To investigate in variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) the association between current clinical and neuroimaging criteria and biochemical\/genetic markers at the individual level. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Thirty-two PPA patients were classified as non-fluent\/agrammatic (nfvPPA), semantic (svPPA), or logopenic variant (lvPPA) or as unclassifiable (uPPA). In all patients, we evaluated the neuroimaging criteria (magnetic resonance imaging and\/or single photon emission computed tomography\/positron emission tomography) of each variant and studied serum progranulin levels, &lt;i&gt;APOE&lt;\/i&gt; genotype and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Cases with a first-degree family history of early-onset dementia were genetically tested. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Ten of 15 (66%) nfvPPA, 5\/5 (100%) svPPA and 7\/7 (100%) lvPPA patients showed at least one positive neuroimaging-supported diagnostic criterion. All lvPPA and 3\/5 (60%) uPPA patients presented AD-CSF biomarkers, which were absent in nfvPPA and svPPA cases. Four (27%) nfvPPA patients had dementia-causing mutations: 2 carried a &lt;i&gt;GRN&lt;\/i&gt; mutation and 2 the &lt;i&gt;C9ORF72&lt;\/i&gt; hexanucleotide expansion. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; There was an excellent association between clinical criteria and neuroimaging-supported biomarkers in svPPA and lvPPA, as well as with AD-CSF biochemical markers in the lvPPA. Neuroimaging, biochemical and genetic findings in nfvPPA were heterogeneous. Incorporating biochemical\/genetic markers into the PPA clinical diagnosis would allow clinicians to improve their predictions of PPA neuropathology, especially in nfvPPA and uPPA cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000346289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,6]],"date-time":"2013-02-06T09:07:28Z","timestamp":1360141648000},"page":"106-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Neuroimaging and Biochemical Markers in the Three Variants of Primary Progressive 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