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Only 15-25% of acute HCV infections clear spontaneously, and the remainder persists as chronic HCV infection. More than 350,000 people die every year from hepatitis C-related liver failure and cancer. There is currently no vaccine and the standard-of-care therapies - peg-interferon alpha (pegIFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) - are expensive and have serious side effects. Also, they may be effective in only 40-50% of patients infected with HCV genotype 1, the most common HCV genotype in the US. Interleukin 28B &lt;i&gt;(IL28B)&lt;\/i&gt; genotype was recently and convincingly associated with response to pegIFN and RBV therapy. It has emerged as a robust pretreatment predictor of sustained virological response (SVR, i.e. virologic clearance) to pegIFN and RBV as well as to new triple therapy regimens that include a direct-acting antiviral agent with pegIFN and RBV and increase SVR rates as much as 75% in patients infected with HCV genotype 1. Testing for &lt;i&gt;IL28B&lt;\/i&gt; genotype may contribute to clinical decision-making and could inform clinical guidelines and public health policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000352014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T09:04:00Z","timestamp":1375261440000},"page":"192-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Viral Hepatitis C Gets Personal - The Value of Human Genomics to Public 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