{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T22:51:11Z","timestamp":1783032671376,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background\/Aims:<\/i><\/b><i>Cronobacter<\/i> spp. have been identified as being of considerable risk to neonates. The occurrence of organisms in infant formulas is therefore of considerable interest. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The occurrence of <i>Cronobacter<\/i> spp. in infant feeds (formulas and fortified cow's milk) was determined using most probable number (MPN) analysis, and from formula preparation utensils. Ninety-nine samples were analyzed, of which 42 were unopened cans of powdered infant formula (PIF), 25 reconstituted infant formulas in feeding bottles, 27 utensils used in the preparation of infant formula and 5 samples of fortified cow's milk. Presumptive <i>Cronobacter<\/i> spp. isolates were identified using the 7 allele multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b><i> C. sakazakii<\/i>,<i> C. malonaticus <\/i>and<i> C. muytjensii <\/i>were recovered from PIF. Although the incidence of <i>Cronobacter<\/i> in PIF was 29% (12\/42), the level was low with an average of 0.54 MPN\/100 g. According to MLST profiling, <i>C. sakazakii<\/i> was the most frequently isolated <i>Cronobacter<\/i> species, and <i>C. sakazakii<\/i> ST4 (associated with neonatal meningitis) was recovered from 2\/42 PIF samples at 0.51 and 0.92 MPN\/100 g. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b><i>Cronobacter<\/i> spp. can be isolated from PIF and therefore strict hygienic practices during PIF preparation are important to minimize neonate exposure and reduce the risk of severe infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000353137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]],"date-time":"2013-08-08T08:55:11Z","timestamp":1375952111000},"page":"62-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Screening for<b><i> Cronobacter<\/i><\/b> Species in Powdered and Reconstituted Infant Formulas and from Equipment Used in Formula Preparation in Maternity Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Rosana Francisco","family":"Siqueira 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