{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:51:42Z","timestamp":1787017902201,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]],"date-time":"2013-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]],"date-time":"2013-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Based on a classification scheme for facial pain syndromes and a binomial (yes\/no) facial pain questionnaire, we previously reported on the ability of an artificial neural network (ANN) to recognize and correctly diagnose patients with different facial pain syndromes. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> We now report on an updated questionnaire, the development of a secure web-based neural network application and details of ANNs trained to diagnose patients with different facial pain syndromes. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Online facial pain questionnaire responses collected from 607 facial pain patients (395 female, 65%, ratio F\/M 1.86\/1) over 5 years and 7 months were used for ANN training. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Sensitivity and specificity of the currently running ANN for trigeminal neuralgia type 1 and trigeminal neuralgia type 2 are 92.4 and 62.5% and 87.8 and 96.4%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity are 86.7 and 95.2% for trigeminal neuropathic pain, 0 and 100% for trigeminal deafferentation pain and 100% for symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia and postherpetic neuralgia. Sensitivity is 50% for nervus intermedius neuralgia (NIN) and 0% for atypical facial pain (AFP), glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ). Specificity for AFP, NIN and TMJ is 99% and for GPN, 100%. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> We demonstrate the utilization of question-based historical self-assessment responses used as inputs to design an ANN for the purpose of diagnosing facial pain syndromes (outputs) with high accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000353188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]],"date-time":"2013-11-08T02:50:55Z","timestamp":1383879055000},"page":"44-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Use of an Artificial Neural Network for Diagnosis of Facial Pain Syndromes: An Update"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Shirley","family":"McCartney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Weltin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim J.","family":"Burchiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Ffoc.2005.18.5.4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227%2F01.NEU.0000088806.11659.D8"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.pain.2006.01.030"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291098-2353%281997%2910%3A6%3C371%3A%3AAID-CA1%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291098-2353%281997%2910%3A6%3C380%3A%3AAID-CA2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-T"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Fjns.1992.76.6.0948"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00006123-199408000-00017"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Fjns.1967.26.1part2.0159"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227%2F00006123-198610000-00007"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1750-3639.1998.tb00126.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000095167"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02478259"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmsy.2001.112069"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fmus.22158"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.wneu.2010.07.007"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.ijmedinf.2010.10.009"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.neunet.2011.06.003"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.joms.2011.03.069"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.cgh.2011.09.014"}],"container-title":["Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/353188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/353188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T14:34:01Z","timestamp":1745418841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000353188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000353188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-6125","1423-0372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1011-6125","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]]}}}