{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T18:40:33Z","timestamp":1768588833550,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Very preterm infants can be treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) from birth, but some fail. A rapid test, such as the stable microbubble test (SMT) on gastric aspirate, may identify those who can be managed successfully using CPAP. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> To determine if SMT can identify soon after birth, very preterm infants who may be successfully managed on CPAP alone. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Stable microbubbles (diameter <15 \u00b5m) were counted in gastric aspirates taken <1 h of age from infants <30 weeks' gestation, who received CPAP from birth. Infants failed CPAP if intubated at <72 h of age. Clinicians were masked to SMT results. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to determine the relationship between number of microbubbles\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> and subsequent intubation. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> 68 infants of mean (SD) 28.1 (1.4) weeks' gestation received CPAP in the delivery room at a median (interquartile range) pressure 7 (6-8) cmH<sub>2<\/sub>O and FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.25 (0.21-0.3). Gastric aspirates were taken at a median (interquartile range) age of 0.5 (0.3-0.6) hours. The best cut-off point for predicting CPAP success or failure was a SMT count of 8 microbubbles\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9). A SMT count \u22658 microbubbles\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> had a sensitivity of 53%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 60% for predicting CPAP success. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> Infants treated with CPAP from birth, who had<b> <\/b>SMT counts \u22658 microbubbles\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> on their gastric aspirate, did not fail CPAP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000353363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,19]],"date-time":"2013-08-19T07:38:39Z","timestamp":1376897919000},"page":"188-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The Stable Microbubble Test for Determining Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Success in Very Preterm Infants Receiving Nasal CPAP from Birth"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Risha","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin J.","family":"Morley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Argus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Tingay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Donath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911783"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072788"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.205898"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.04.062"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02558.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000510.pub2"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1979.tb10823.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02072493"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2001.tb01604.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000013954"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050571"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000083126"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.3.e30"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199806)25:6<383::AID-PPUL5>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2003.077"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000279887"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00608.x"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmq047"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.971127"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-004-1473-2"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/353363","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/353363","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:35:49Z","timestamp":1745433349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000353363"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000353363","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}