{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:35:57Z","timestamp":1761708957907,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Increased susceptibility to infections is among the main safety concerns raised by anti-TNF-\u03b1 agents. We describe two cases of cutaneous actinomycosis in patients undergoing anti-TNF-\u03b1 therapy: a 49-year-old female treated with etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis and a 57-year-old female treated with infliximab for psoriasis. Both patients had discharge with the intermittent presence of sulfur granules occurring at the site of previous surgical wounds. Bacteriological culture demonstrated &lt;i&gt;Actinomyces&lt;\/i&gt;. Since in both cases laboratory findings and medical imaging ruled out visceral actinomycosis, oral antibiotics were introduced without discontinuing anti-TNF-\u03b1. The first patient did not relapse after 2 years. The second one did and received a second course of antibiotics combined with transient interruption of the anti-TNF-\u03b1 therapy. The risk of developing actinomycosis is reported to be similar in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, however cases of cutaneous actinomycosis occurring during anti-TNF-\u03b1 therapy need to be recognized and may be under-reported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000357522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,25]],"date-time":"2014-02-25T08:16:32Z","timestamp":1393316192000},"page":"112-114","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cutaneous Actinomycosis Associated with Anti-TNF-Alpha Therapy: Report of Two Cases"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"A.L.","family":"Breton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Lamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pariset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Jullien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000180044.19285.9a"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcn028"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.075150"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516337"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03854.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/647945"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.01165.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2005.10.004"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.02.016"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-011-0088-6"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2009.0185"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.4.1109"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.03.015"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740510015230"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-008-7392-9"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/357522","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/357522","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:29:00Z","timestamp":1745432940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000357522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000357522","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-8665"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9832"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}