{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:39:22Z","timestamp":1772678362202,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> The variability in susceptibility to onychomycosis for individuals exposed to the same environmental risk factors raises the possibility that there may be individuals with a genetic predisposition to dermatophyte infection. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> To determine whether there are genetic mutations or genotypes which contribute to onychomycosis. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The PubMed database was searched for examples of immune deficiencies resulting in dermatophyte infections. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> There are mutations in the innate immune receptors Dectin-1 and its adaptor protein CARD9 which result in familial mucocutaneous infections. There are also specific human leukocyte antigen genotypes that are more common in individuals and families with a high prevalence of onychomycosis. In addition, some patients have been reported with insufficient levels of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. These deficits impair a full innate and adaptive immune response and may result in chronic or recurrent infections. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> There are documented mutations and genotypes that contribute to familial and individual susceptibility to onychomycosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000358586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]],"date-time":"2014-06-06T07:58:01Z","timestamp":1402041481000},"page":"207-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Do Genetic Mutations and Genotypes Contribute to Onychomycosis?"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8664-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona C.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Brintnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1972.01620050069017"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.04.062"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0366-077X.2003.05628.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1993.tb00772.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2009.00856.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11592120-000000000-00000"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb06087.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2010.07.008"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02464.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2000.00124.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00012.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00568.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)80142-3"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M606542200"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3712"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2013.02.005"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0901053"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810719"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.382812"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.39.9.671"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03708.x"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04550.x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2011.03.018"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-0941-y"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407677-8.00002-6"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/358586","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/358586","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:38:24Z","timestamp":1745433504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000358586"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000358586","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}