{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:31:17Z","timestamp":1745469077737,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prelimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the brain is crucial for memory. Norepinephrine elicits an important influence on mPFC functions. The stimulation of \u03b2-adrenoceptors (\u03b2-ARs) may play a critical role in the consolidation of long-term memory. The present study examines the possible role of \u03b2&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;-ARs located in the mPFC on morphine-induced amnesia in rats. The animals were bilaterally implanted with chronic cannulas in the mPFC, trained in a step-through-type passive avoidance task and tested 24 h after training to measure step-through latency. Our present results indicated that posttraining intraperitoneal administration of morphine (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg\/kg) dose-dependently reduced the step-through latency. Different doses of xamoterol (0.01, 0.1 and 1 \u00b5g\/rat) have shown no significant change in the step-through latency, but posttraining intra-mPFC microinjection of atenolol (0.2 and 0.4 \u00b5g\/rat) had an amnesic effect. Moreover, atenolol-caused amnesia was reversed by an ineffective dose of xamoterol (0.1 \u00b5g\/rat). On the other hand, coadministration of an ineffective dose of atenolol (0.1 \u00b5g\/rat) with an ineffective dose of morphine (2.5 mg\/kg) induced an amnesic effect. Meanwhile, xamoterol had no effect on morphine-induced amnesia. These results suggest that \u03b2&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;-ARs of the prelimbic region in the mPFC may play an important role in morphine-induced amnesia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000362282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,5]],"date-time":"2014-08-05T07:03:56Z","timestamp":1407222236000},"page":"272-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Possible Role of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Beta-1-Adrenoceptors in Morphine-Induced 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