{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T11:36:51Z","timestamp":1769945811165,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Hypoxia\/ischemia and inflammation are two major mechanisms for cerebral palsy (CP) in preterm infants. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To investigate whether hypoxia\/ischemia- and infection-related events in the perinatal and neonatal periods had cumulative effects on CP risk in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) premature infants. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; From 1995 to 2005, 5,807 VLBW preterm infants admitted to Taiwan hospitals were enrolled.&lt;b&gt; &lt;\/b&gt;The cumulative effects of hypoxic\/ischemic and infectious events during the perinatal and neonatal periods on CP risk at corrected age 24 months were analyzed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Of the 4,355 infants with 24-month follow-up, 457 (10.5%) had CP. The CP group had significantly higher incidences of hypoxia\/ischemia-related events in the perinatal and neonatal periods, and sepsis in the neonatal period than the normal group. Three hypoxic\/ischemic events, including birth cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.81-2.82), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation (2.94; 1.35-5.75) and chronic lung disease (3.14; 2.61-3.85) had the most significant contribution to CP. Relative to CP risk for infants with neither the three hypoxic\/ischemic events nor sepsis, the CP odds increased 1.98-, 2.26- and 2.15-fold for infants with birth cardiopulmonary resuscitation, PDA ligation and chronic lung disease, respectively; while the combination with sepsis further increased the odds to 3.18-, 3.83- and 3.25-fold, respectively. Using the three hypoxic\/ischemic events plus sepsis, CP rates were 10.0, 16.7, 26.7, 40.0 and 54.7% for infants with none, one, two, three and four events, respectively. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Hypoxic\/ischemic and infectious events across the perinatal and neonatal periods exerted cumulative effects on CP risk in VLBW premature infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000362782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]],"date-time":"2014-07-08T07:01:51Z","timestamp":1404802911000},"page":"209-215","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Hypoxic\/Ischemic and Infectious Events Have Cumulative Effects on the Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8538-0465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lan-Wan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yung-Chieh","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan-Tair","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsu-Fu","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Ching","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the Taiwan Premature Infant Developmental Collaborative Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.108837"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10032"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1522"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03612.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp206"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3338"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200203000-00008"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043165"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000182596.66175.ee"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-201011001-00076"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00738.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.04.013"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.9.1124"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.09.016"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.07.041"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70356-6"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.07.041"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.10.014"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0377"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000329922"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.121381"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341867"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12080"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0806"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000297771"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/362782","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/362782","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:42:29Z","timestamp":1745430149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000362782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000362782","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.5126521","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}