{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T16:55:55Z","timestamp":1788368155723,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]],"date-time":"2014-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]],"date-time":"2014-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Addict Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Maintenance therapy with methadone or buprenorphine is an established and first-line treatment for opioid dependence. Clinical studies indicate that about a third of patients in opioid maintenance therapy show increased alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders. Comorbid alcohol use disorders have been identified as a risk factor for clinical outcome and can cause poor physical and mental health, including liver disorders, noncompliance, social deterioration and increased mortality risk. The effects of opioid maintenance therapy on alcohol consumption are controversial and no clear pattern has emerged. Most studies have not found a change in alcohol use after initiation of maintenance therapy. Methadone and buprenorphine appear to carry little risk of liver toxicity, but further research on this topic is required. Recent data indicate that brief intervention strategies may help reduce alcohol intake, but the existing evidence is still limited. This review discusses further clinical implications of alcohol use disorders in opioid dependence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000363232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]],"date-time":"2014-11-19T07:44:15Z","timestamp":1416383055000},"page":"78-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Alcohol Use Disorders in Opioid Maintenance Therapy: Prevalence, Clinical Correlates and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Soyka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2810\/49713"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61311-2"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(99)00097-5"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(98)00030-0"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2007.04.001"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00013.2008"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-28720-6_205"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.alc.0000187599.17786.4a"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47939-7_19"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.alc.0000183008.62955.2e"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00112.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.05.047"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.01084.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050169"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(88)90029-8"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(86)90070-4"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.008"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(84)90284-3"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.00924.x"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(95)02033-0"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/266556a0"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026043451573"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001867.pub2"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2012.00442.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2014.12131.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990601091184"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agr009"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00724.x"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2007.00076.x"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230601036994"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14659890215694"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000019003"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01683.x"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-10-42"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2005.08.002"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.12.001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067733"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2010.05.008"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2011.602995"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270637"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(93)80003-W"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1981.tb12789.x"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952998509016848"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2013.12074.x"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1998.931116493.x"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v18n04_07"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.1.23"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.3.385"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02188.x"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v20n04_03"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.08.010"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.021"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000082"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820190079008"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cki168"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-8-8"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi035"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03140.x"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1996.911217652.x"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2012.08.003"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12337"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2010.08.008"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.06.001"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/3527601465"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2005.02.007"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03637.x"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11090"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2010.00086.x"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002209.pub2"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002207.pub3"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S146114570700836X"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969050-00006"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12600-1"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.561872"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903213405"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952999309001635"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(00)00174-X"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/37.2.164"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952998909092720"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2012.00226.x"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2009.02.007"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.08.019"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0740-5472(87)90005-5"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-3"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009269.pub2"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1998.9357137.x"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-6-22"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00102.x"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.2678"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2011.00349.x"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713001284"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004332.pub2"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.019"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01523.x"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.07.022"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.007"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0b013e3182928e02"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00050-7"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00049-0"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990701653875"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490050148099"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1L628"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.12.014"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200410000-00013"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0b013e3181c4e27e"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.002"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.013"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004147.pub4"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06111851"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.008"}],"container-title":["European Addiction Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/ear\/article-pdf\/21\/2\/78\/3894267\/000363232.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/ear\/article-pdf\/21\/2\/78\/3894267\/000363232.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:46:52Z","timestamp":1745430412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000363232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000363232","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-6877","1421-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-6877","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]}}}