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Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To analyze gender-specific differences regarding clinical symptoms, referral patterns and tumor biology prior to initial diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Methods: A consecutive series of patients with an initial diagnosis of UCB was included. All patients completed a questionnaire on demographics, clinical symptoms and referral patterns. Results: In total, 68 patients (50 men, 18 women) with newly diagnosed UCB at admission for transurethral resection of bladder tumors were recruited. Dysuria was more often observed in women (55.6 vs. 38.0%, p = 0.001). Direct consultation of the urologist was conducted by 84.0% of males and 66.7% of females (p = 0.120). One third of the women saw their general practitioner and\/or gynecologist once or twice (p = 0.120) before referral to the urologist. Furthermore, women were significantly more often treated for urinary tract infections than men (61.1 vs. 20.0%, p = 0.005). Cystoscopy at first presentation to the urologist was more often performed in men than women (88.0 vs. 66.7%, p = 0.068), with a more favorable tumor detection rate at first cystoscopy in men (96.0 vs. 50.0%, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Delayed referral patterns might lead to deferred diagnosis of UCB and consequently to adverse outcome. Thus, primary care physicians might consider referring patients with bladder complaints to specialized care earlier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000363334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T14:19:08Z","timestamp":1407939548000},"page":"37-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Gender-Related Differences in Symptoms and Referral Patterns prior to Initial Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Prospective Cohort 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