{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:24:01Z","timestamp":1789752241940,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Atrial remodeling is involved in atrial fibrillation (AF), and atrial fibrosis is an important marker of atrial remodeling. On the basis of our previous animal studies of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)\/transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21)\/tumor necrosis factor pathway in atrial fibrosis, we undertook investigation of this signaling pathway in atrial fibrosis of patients with chronic AF (CAF) and rheumatic mitral valve disease. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Fifty-six rheumatic mitral valve disease patients were divided into CAF (course of AF &gt;12 months) and sinus rhythm (SR) groups. Left atrial appendage tissue was collected during heart surgery, and pathological examination was done to evaluate atrial fibrosis. Protein and mRNA expression of TGF-\u03b21, TRAF6 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and protein expression of phosphorylated MAPKs and TGF-\u03b2-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) were measured. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Histological examination revealed that the severity of atrial fibrosis in CAF patients was significantly higher, mRNA and protein expression of TGF-\u03b21, TRAF6 and CTGF in CAF were significantly increased, and the protein expression of phosphorylated MAPKs and TAK1 was significantly increased in CAF compared to SR patients. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The MAPKs\/TGF-\u03b21\/TRAF6 signaling pathway is involved in atrial fibrosis of CAF patients, and TRAF6 may become a new target for the treatment of atrial fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000366096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,4]],"date-time":"2014-11-04T07:26:11Z","timestamp":1415085971000},"page":"216-223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Role of the MAPKs\/TGF-\u03b21\/TRAF6 Signaling Pathway in Atrial Fibrosis of Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation and Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Daoliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4996-9560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3182073c78"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00273-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2004.04.018"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.09.064"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.06.015"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00258-4"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.019893"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.05.061"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000318016"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.71.1977"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2010.02460.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63363-9"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234369"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.04.002"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.014"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-0892"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20709"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr067"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00139.2003"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2006.02336.x"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000129579.59664.9d"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4827(02)00015-0"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.09.002"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2009.12.023"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00464-9"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.704759"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2007.01.002"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.099402"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur023"}],"container-title":["Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/366096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/366096","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/366096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:35:27Z","timestamp":1745429727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000366096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000366096","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6312","1421-9751"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-6312","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9751","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}