{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T22:23:01Z","timestamp":1787955781292,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To clarify the progression pattern of abnormal DNA methylation during the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using a comprehensive methylation assay. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We used an Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array that can analyze &gt;485,000 CpG sites distributed throughout the genome for a comprehensive methylation study of 117 liver tissues consisting of 59 HCC and 58 noncancerous livers. Altered DNA methylation patterns during tumor progression were also analyzed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We identified 38,330 CpG sites with significant differences in methylation levels between HCCs and noncancerous livers (DM-CpGs) using strict criteria. Of the DM-CpGs, 92% were hypomethylated and only 3,051 CpGs (8%) were hypermethylated in HCC. The DM-CpGs were more prevalent within intergenic regions with isolated CpGs. In contrast, DM-CpGs that were hypermethylated in HCC were predominantly located within promoter regions and CpG islands (p &lt; 0.0001). The association between methylation profiles of DM-CpGs and tumor size was statistically significant, especially in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive cases (p = 0.0001). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We clarified the unique characteristics of DM-CpGs in human HCCs. The stepwise progression of alterations in DNA methylation was a common feature of HCV-related hepatocarcinogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000367982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,30]],"date-time":"2014-10-30T08:47:16Z","timestamp":1414658836000},"page":"658-663","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genome-Wide Profiling of DNA Methylation and Tumor Progression in Human Hepatocellular 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