{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T18:17:37Z","timestamp":1771957057573,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: We sought to determine the relationship between changes in natriuretic peptides and symptoms as a consequence of introducing beta-blocker therapy, in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 47 patients with CHF and persistent AF (mean age 68 years and 62% men), we analysed the individual change (\u0394) in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level to the introduction of carvedilol (titrated to a target dose of 25 mg twice daily, group A) or placebo (group B) in addition to background treatment with digoxin. Symptoms score, 6-min walk distance, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), heart rate (24-hour ECG) and BNP were measured at baseline and at 4 months. Results: LVEF (\u0394 median +5 vs. +0.4, p = 0.048), symptoms score (\u0394 median -4 vs. 0, p = 0.04), NYHA class (\u0394 median -33% vs. +3% in NYHA class 3-4, p = 0.046) and heart rate [\u0394 median 24-hour ventricular rate (VR) -19 vs. -2, p &lt; 0.0001] improved with combination therapy of digoxin and carvedilol compared to digoxin alone, but BNP (\u0394 median +28 vs. -6 , p = 0.11) trended in the opposite direction. There was no relationship between the degree of symptomatic improvement or VR control and BNP response. Conclusion: After the introduction of carvedilol, clinical outcome appears unrelated to BNP changes in patients with CHF and AF. Changes in BNP cannot be used as a marker of clinical response in terms of symptoms or cardiac function in this setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000368746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T07:25:15Z","timestamp":1422948315000},"page":"153-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effect of Carvedilol on B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cardiac Function in Patients with Heart Failure and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Aleem U.","family":"Khand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei 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