{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T19:03:25Z","timestamp":1785265405665,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Inflammation and increased erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) requirement are frequently associated in patients on dialysis. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF), putting together high levels of diffusion, and convection could improve both conditions. However, it is still not known which depurative component plays a major role in determining this result. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of convection and diffusion on long-term variations of serum \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub> microglobulin (&#x0394;\u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (&#x0394;hsCRP) concentrations, and ESA requirement (&#x0394;ESA) in ol-HDF. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Seventy-three patients prevalent on high flux HD (hfHD) were studied. Thirty-eight patients were switched from hfHD to post-dilutional ol-HDF (Study group); the other 35 patients were considered the Control group. At 6 and 12 months, the effects of ol-HDF and hfHD on &#x0394;hsCRP, &#x0394;B<sub>2<\/sub>M, and &#x0394;ESA (U\/kg\/week) were evaluated. Other variables considered were body weight (BW), serum albumin (sAlb), hemoglobin (Hb), and equilibrated Kt\/V (eKt\/V). Iron therapy and ESA were administered intravenously according to the K\/DOQI guidelines in order to maintain transferrin saturation between 20 and 40%, serum ferritin between 150 and 500 ng\/ml and Hb between 11 and 12 g\/dl. Qb, treatment time and Qd remained constant. Ol-HDF and hfHD were performed using membranes of size 1.9-2.1 sqm. Ultrapure dialysate and substitution fluid were employed in both HDF and HD treatments. Data are expressed as mean \u00b1 SD. Paired t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and simple and multiple regression analyses were employed for statistical evaluation. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Study group: total convective volume (TCV) was 22.1 \u00b1 1.9 l\/session. A significant reduction of hsCRP: from 6.8 \u00b1 7.1 to 2.3 \u00b1 2.4 mg\/dl (p < 0.001), \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M: from 36.5 \u00b1 14.4 to 24.7 \u00b1 8.6 mg\/dl (p < 0.0001) and ESAdose: from 107 \u00b1 67 to 65 \u00b1 44 U\/kg\/week (p < 0.005) was observed. No significant variations of Hb, BW and sAlb were seen. A significant inverse correlation was found between TCV and &#x0394;\u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M (r = -0.627; p < 0.0001), and TCV and &#x0394;hsCRP (r = -0.514; p < 0.0001); no correlation between TCV and &#x0394;ESAdose was observed. No correlation was found between eKt\/V and &#x0394;\u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M, &#x0394;hsCRP, and &#x0394;ESAdose. Multiple regression analysis with &#x0394;ESAdose as dependent variable showed &#x0394;hsCRP as the only significantly associated independent factor (p < 0.01). Control group: no significant variations of hsCRP, \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M, and ESAdose were observed over time. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> Ol-HDF induces a long-term significant reduction in pre-dialysis \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>M and hsCRP concentrations. The magnitude of reduction is directly correlated to the amount of TCV achieved but not on eKt\/V. The observed reduction in ESAdose requirement is independent either on convection or diffusion, but is directly associated to the concomitant reduction of inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000437171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]],"date-time":"2015-08-04T21:01:25Z","timestamp":1438722085000},"page":"494-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Total Convection Affects Serum \u03b22 Microglobulin and C-Reactive Protein but Not Erythropoietin Requirement following Post-Dilutional Hemodiafiltration"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ezio","family":"Movilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Camerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Gaggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Zubani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Feller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Salviani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Facchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cancarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]]},"container-title":["American Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/437171","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/437171","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:37:21Z","timestamp":1745429841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000437171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000437171","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-8095","1421-9670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-8095","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}