{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:39:59Z","timestamp":1780634399031,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Tick bite-induced galactose-\u03b1-1,3-galactose (\u03b1-Gal) IgE and subsequent ingestion of red meat may cause delayed severe allergic reactions including urticaria, gastrointestinal symptoms or anaphylaxis. We tested the hypothesis that increased levels of IgE to \u03b1-Gal due to tick bites and the subsequent ingestion of red meat or meat products may possibly be an un(der)recognized cause of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Levels of IgE to \u03b1-Gal and total IgE were measured (ImmunoCAP, Phadia AB\/Thermo Fisher Scientific) in 83 patients (61 female and 22 male, median age 43 years, range 18-82) from the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. All had been clinically diagnosed with moderate-to-severe CSU of a median duration of 2.9 years (range 0.1-50). <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Eighty of the 83 patients (96%) had undetectable (<0.1 kU<sub>A<\/sub>\/l) serum levels of IgE against \u03b1-Gal. The levels in the remaining 3 were all low (0.25, 0.4 and 3.1 kU<sub>A<\/sub>\/l). In no patient, including those with measurable serum levels of IgE against \u03b1-Gal, was eating red meat associated with the development of symptoms of urticaria. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> Our results indicate that an allergic response to \u03b1-Gal is highly unlikely to be a hitherto unrecognized common cause of CSU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000440653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T21:05:54Z","timestamp":1443733554000},"page":"250-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Galactose-\u03b1-1,3-Galactose Allergy Is Not a Hitherto Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Marcus","family":"Maurer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin K.","family":"Church","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Starkhammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Hamsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3091-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"van Hage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.01.024"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.07.050"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02496.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.04.036"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.05.051"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12128"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12672"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-2017OC"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12326"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.03.011"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/440653","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/440653","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:51:54Z","timestamp":1745430714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000440653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000440653","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}