{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:36:05Z","timestamp":1788305765185,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Syndromol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Maldescent of the epididymo-testicular unit can occur as an isolated event or as a component of various syndromes. When part of a syndrome, crypto-epididymis is usually accompanied by other genital and\/or extragenital features. Epididymis development is primarily regulated by androgens, and successful epididymo-testicular unit development and descent requires an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The developing gonadotropin-releasing hormone system is essential for epididymo-testicular descent and is highly sensitive to reduced fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. Our understanding of the impact of &lt;i&gt;FGFR1&lt;\/i&gt; in the process of epididymo-testicular descent has recently improved. At later stages of embryonic development, the undifferentiated epididymal mesenchyme is a specific domain for &lt;i&gt;FGFR1 &lt;\/i&gt;expression. The majority of individuals with syndromic crypto-epididymis, as well as individuals with isolated maldescent of the epididymo-testicular unit, exhibit some disturbance of &lt;i&gt;FGF&lt;\/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;FGFR1&lt;\/i&gt; and\/or genes involved in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation. However, the mechanisms underlying &lt;i&gt;FGF&lt;\/i&gt; dysregulation may differ between various syndromes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000444033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T23:10:50Z","timestamp":1454368250000},"page":"261-267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Involvement of Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Receptors in Epididymo-Testicular Descent and 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