{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:03:31Z","timestamp":1793052211280,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Visc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Viral hepatitis is still one of the key causes of acute liver failure (ALF) in the world. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods: &lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt;A selective literature search of the PubMed database was conducted, including current studies, reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines. We obtained an overview of ALF due to viral hepatitis in terms of epidemiology, course, and treatment options. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Most fulminant viral courses are reported after infection with hepatitis A, B, and B\/D, but not with hepatitis C. Hepatitis E is also known to cause ALF but has not gained much attention in recent years. However, more and more autochthonous hepatitis E virus infections have been recently observed in Europe. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) under immunosuppressive conditions, such as after intensive chemotherapy, is also an increasing problem. For most viral-induced cases of ALF, liver transplantation represented the only therapeutic option in the past. Today, immediate treatment of HBV-induced ALF with nucleotide or nucleoside analogs is well tolerated and beneficially affects the course of the disease. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Although numbers in Western European countries are decreasing rapidly, reliable diagnostic screening for hepatitis A-E is necessary to identify the etiology and to determine those most at risk of developing ALF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000444915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]],"date-time":"2016-04-06T20:39:53Z","timestamp":1459975193000},"page":"80-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Liver Failure due to Acute Viral Hepatitis 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