{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:08:57Z","timestamp":1787242137139,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is known as an extremely painful childhood condition. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The objective of this study was to explore pain management around NEC-related surgery in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from a chart review of prospectively collected data on 60 operated NEC patients admitted between 2008 and 2013 with a median (IQR) gestational age of 28.3 (25.5-31.6) weeks. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Pain medication data and pain scores (i.e. COMFORTneo and Numerical Rating Scale pain and distress scores) from 72 h before until 72 h after surgery were collected. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Preoperatively, 95% of the patients received morphine versus 100% postoperatively, with a median dosage of 10.0 (IQR 9.7-14.5) and 16.9 (IQR 10.1-20.0) \u03bcg\/kg\/h, respectively. Postoperatively, 28 patients (46.7%) received additional fentanyl intermittently and 14 (23.3%) received midazolam, which was part of palliative treatment for 6 patients (42.9%). In patients receiving pain medication, median COMFORTneo scores were 10 (IQR 10-11) preoperatively and 11 (10-12) postoperatively. The pain scores were comparable with those of other patients admitted to the NICU in the same time period. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Continuous morphine of 10 \u03bcg\/kg\/h preoperatively, with an increase to 15 \u03bcg\/kg\/h postoperatively, seems to constitute a good starting dose for further individualized pain management guided by pain scores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000445284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T04:06:00Z","timestamp":1463717160000},"page":"190-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Infants Operated on for Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Towards Evidence-Based Pain Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Naomi J.","family":"Meesters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherijne A.J.","family":"Knibbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia M.G.","family":"Keyzer-Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick","family":"Tibboel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5219-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinno H.P.","family":"Simons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.153"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fetalneonatal-2011-300244"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.08.011"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.02.007"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.e77"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.08.006"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2013.11.009"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1536-0903(03)00072-9"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2004.03.010"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JPN.0b013e318196fefb"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005237-199903000-00006"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2277"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.1.F36"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181a5b52a"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-014-0135-4"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.148050"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31818c7920"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199008000-00005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026256"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.25.5.339"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0b013e31821baaf4"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/445284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/445284","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/445284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T13:55:52Z","timestamp":1745416552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000445284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000445284","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}