{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T17:09:39Z","timestamp":1773680979754,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,6]],"date-time":"2016-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,6]],"date-time":"2016-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Perinatal asphyxia and ensuing reoxygenation change the antioxidant capacity of cells and organs. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To analyze the neuroprotective effect of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) after perinatal hypoxia-reoxygenation with an emphasis on proinflammatory cytokines and the transcription factor NF-&amp;#x03BA;B in the prefrontal cortex of neonatal pigs. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Twenty-nine newborn pigs, aged 12-36 h, were subjected to global hypoxia and hypercapnia. One sham-operated group (n = 5) and 2 experimental groups (n = 12) were exposed to 8% oxygen, until the base excess was -20 mmol\/l or the mean arterial blood pressure fell to &lt;20 mm Hg (asphyxia with NACA or saline). The pigs were observed for 9.5 h after hypoxia. Samples of prefrontal cortex and plasma were analyzed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Cortex: there was no significant difference in mRNA expression between the intervention groups regarding IL-1\u03b2, IL6, TNF\u03b1, MMP2, MMP9 or IL18. Pigs exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation and treatment with NACA (NACA-pigs) had a significantly lower protein concentration of IL-1\u03b2 than pigs treated with saline (placebo controls), i.e. 8.8 \u00b1 3.9 versus 16.8 \u00b1 10.5 pg\/mg protein (p = 0.02). The activation of the transcription factor NF-&amp;#x03BA;B (measured as the fold-change of phosphorylated p65&lt;sup&gt;Ser 536&lt;\/sup&gt;), was reduced in the NACA-pigs when compared to the placebo controls (5.2 \u00b1 4.3 vs. 16.0 \u00b1 13.5; p = 0.02). No difference between the intervention groups regarding brain histopathology or in the levels of 8-oxoguanine measured in the prefrontal cortex were observed. Plasma: the NACA-pigs had a stronger reduction of TNF\u03b1 in the first 30 min following asphyxia compared with the placebo controls, i.e. 36 (30-44) versus 24 (14-32)% (p = 0.01). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The reduced levels of the pivotal inflammatory markers IL-1\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1 and the transcription factor NF-&amp;#x03BA;B may indicate that NACA has possible neuroprotective effects after perinatal asphyxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000447255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]],"date-time":"2016-08-05T21:01:28Z","timestamp":1470430888000},"page":"12-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["N-Acetylcysteine Amide Exerts Possible Neuroprotective Effects in Newborn Pigs after Perinatal Asphyxia"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Torkil","family":"Benterud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin 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