{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:15:13Z","timestamp":1790709313734,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Moyamoya disease (MMD) associated with a potentially underlying disease, such as genetic disorders or other coexisting hematological pathologies, is called quasi-MMD. This very rare disease has been characterized mainly in Asian countries, so far. As MMD reveals several significant ethnic differences, the question is raised whether characteristics of quasi-MMD would also vary among different ethnic backgrounds. Here, we report a series of 61 patients with quasi-MMD and highlight the specific clinical features of this rare disease among European Caucasians. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We retrospectively identified 61 European Caucasians with quasi-MMD who were treated in our institution between 1997 and 2014. We analyzed demographic data, clinical symptoms, associated diseases, angiographic characteristics and functional hemodynamic studies. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Thirty-three percent of our patients were juvenile. We observed an overall female predominance of 2.8:1. Seventy-nine percent presented with a typical quasi-MMD with more pronounced unilateral and atypical quasi-MMD in pediatric population (unilateral\/atypical: pediatric patients 20\/15%, adults 7\/7%). We identified a wide range of associated diseases. Overall, 84 and 8% of our cohort presented initially with ischemic and hemorrhagic manifestation, respectively. The hemorrhagic manifestation of quasi-MMD occurred however only in adults. Angiographic analysis revealed steno-occlusive involvement of the posterior circulation (in addition to the anterior circulation) in 31% with a higher involvement in pediatric patients (40%) compared to adults (27%). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The characterization of our European Caucasian cohort reveals several differences when compared to reported Asian quasi-MMD cohorts and also compared to European Caucasian MMD cohort. We conclude that quasi-MMD represents a distinct disease with different ethnic clinical features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000448812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]],"date-time":"2016-08-26T21:01:55Z","timestamp":1472245315000},"page":"464-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Characterization of Clinical and Radiological Features of Quasi-Moyamoya Disease among European Caucasians Including Surgical Treatment and Outcome"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"G\u00fcliz","family":"Acker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Goerdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schmiedek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Czabanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vajkoczy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]]},"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/448812","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/448812","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/448812","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:06:55Z","timestamp":1745428015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000448812"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000448812","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9770","1421-9786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-9770","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}