{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T04:50:14Z","timestamp":1764305414254,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Since vitamin D has an inhibitory function on ductal morphogenesis of the pubertal mammary gland, it may have a role in the development of gynecomastia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the development of pubertal gynecomastia. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) levels in 50 adolescents with pubertal gynecomastia and 54 healthy controls between the ages of 11 and 17 years were compared. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Mean 25D level was 14.03 \u00b1 6.38 (5.0-32.5) ng\/ml in the pubertal gynecomastia group and 15.19 \u00b1 6.49 (5.0-33.2) ng\/ml in the control group (p = 0.361). According to the vitamin D status classification of the American Academy of Pediatrics, 66% of the pubertal gynecomastia group was found to be deficient and 14% were insufficient. In the control group these values were 53.7% and 29.6%, respectively (p = 0.158). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; From our results we hypothesize that, rather than low serum levels of 25D, a dysregulation of the vitamin D signal pathway, vitamin D metabolism or vitamin D storage within the mammary tissue might be the contributing factors to the development of gynecomastia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000451074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,12]],"date-time":"2016-10-12T21:01:24Z","timestamp":1476306084000},"page":"333-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Adolescents with Pubertal Gynecomastia"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Melis","family":"Pehlivant\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinem","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"Akb\u0131y\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Derman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuray","family":"Kanbur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]]},"container-title":["Breast Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/451074","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/451074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:18:04Z","timestamp":1745428684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000451074"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000451074","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-3791","1661-3805"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1661-3791"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1661-3805"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}