{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:17:21Z","timestamp":1761920241387,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To determine the effect of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) on disease activity rebound in patients discontinuing natalizumab (NTZ). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Twenty-one patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with NTZ for \u22651 year and who switched to DMDs (glatiramer acetate [GA] or interferon) were followed up for 12 months in clinical practice. Clinical outcomes after NTZ cessation were assessed every 3 months for 1 year and MRI was performed at 12 months. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Twelve months after switching from NTZ to DMDs, there were no significant differences in the annualized relapse rate (ARR) compared to the days that NTZ was used (0.3 vs. 0.1; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.083); and the ARR never reached similar values to those prior to NTZ use (1.61; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The percentage of relapse-free patients after switching from NTZ was 71.4%. These patients did not have lower disease activity before NTZ compared with those with clinical relapses (1.3 vs. 1.7; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.302), but they had lower Expanded Disability Status Scale scores (3.4 vs. 5.7; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.001). DMDs had beneficial effects on MRI parameters, as 10 of 16 patients (62.5%) presented no evidence of radiological activity 12 months after NTZ discontinuation. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Patients with RRMS and moderate disability who discontinued NTZ for safety reasons may benefit from the DMDs GA and interferon with no known risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000453333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]],"date-time":"2017-01-04T22:02:09Z","timestamp":1483567329000},"page":"130-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Observational Study of Switching from Natalizumab to Immunomodulatory Drugs"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Villaverde-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Gracia Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"P\u00e9rez Sempere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Mill\u00e1n Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Mar\u00edn Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Carcel\u00e9n Gadea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gabald\u00f3n Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Moreno Escribano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Candeliere Merlicco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044397"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044396"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107829"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22083"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000306415.37679.5a"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000265393.03231.e5"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821e7c8a"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510392098"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000355"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-5996-y"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03794.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03577.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6019-8"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-13-101"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12282"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000327341.89587.76"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182735c7a"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512458009"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512463768"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512464282"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12082"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6808-8"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv260"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512468498"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8162-8"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.1201"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3320"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2014.08.016"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/307872"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514549823"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1415408"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70149-1"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22074"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17512433.2016.1145053"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-015-0038-9"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7325-8"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.257"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.05.043"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2015.1127919"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458505ms1190oa"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20858"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0911-x"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0178-z"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(09)70012-7"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000369"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512458009"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.6240"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000283"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001706"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0354-9"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.5.1072"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12182"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7558-6"}],"container-title":["European Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/453333","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/453333","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/453333","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:00:54Z","timestamp":1745427654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000453333"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000453333","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-3022","1421-9913"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0014-3022"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9913"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}