{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:40:45Z","timestamp":1761896445581,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> The study aimed to determine the potential of compliance with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) and increased vitamin D fortification to meet the recommended intake level of vitamin D at 10 \u00b5g\/day based on minimal exposure to sunlight. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The main dietary sources of vitamin D were derived from national dietary surveys in adults from United Kingdom (UK) (<i>n<\/i> = 911), Netherlands (NL) (<i>n<\/i> = 1,526), and Sweden (SE) (<i>n<\/i> = 974). The theoretical increase in population vitamin D intake was simulated for the following: (1) compliance with FBDG, (2) increased level of vitamin D in commonly fortified foods, and (3) combination of both. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Median usual vitamin D intake was 2.4 (interquartile range 1.7-3.4) \u00b5g\/day in UK, 3.4 (2.7-4.2) \u00b5g\/day in NL, and 5.3 (3.9-7.3) \u00b5g\/day in SE. The top 3 dietary sources of vitamin D were fish, fat-based spreads (margarines), and meat. Together, these delivered up to two-thirds of total vitamin D intake on average. Compliance with FBDG for fish, margarine, and meat increased vitamin D intake to 4.6 (4.1-5.1) \u00b5g\/day in UK, 5.2 (4.9-5.5) \u00b5g\/day in NL, and 7.7 (7.0-8.5) \u00b5g\/day in SE. Doubling the vitamin D levels in margarines and milk would increase vitamin D intake to 4.9 (3.6-6.5) \u00b5g\/day in UK, 6.6 (4.8-8.6) \u00b5g\/day in NL, and 7.2 (5.2-9.8) \u00b5g\/day in SE. Combining both scenarios would increase vitamin D intake to 7.9 (6.8-9.2) \u00b5g\/day in UK, 8.8 (7.4-10.4) \u00b5g\/day in NL, and 8.9 (6.9-11.8) \u00b5g\/day in SE. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> This study highlights the potential of dietary measures to double the current vitamin D intake in adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000454930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T22:07:23Z","timestamp":1483740443000},"page":"246-255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Compliance with Dietary Guidelines and Increased Fortification Can Double Vitamin D Intake: A Simulation Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Rajwinder K.","family":"Harika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariska","family":"D\u00f6tsch-Klerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter L.","family":"Zock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ans","family":"Eilander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6251551"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510002138"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12226"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2006.02.017"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2015.10"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2009.79"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013000359"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.105395"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602414"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.158014"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.107409"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002404"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8223(93)91820-G"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6726.708"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511005010"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1575(03)00064-4"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.189811"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26415"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17269\/cjph.105.4086"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0711-x"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480050029719"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010001102"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.013268"}],"container-title":["Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/454930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/454930","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/454930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:05:35Z","timestamp":1745427935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000454930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000454930","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-6807","1421-9697"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0250-6807"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9697"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}