{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T09:35:36Z","timestamp":1776850536434,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dev Pharmacol Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:p>More than 600 preterm babies have been enrolled in randomised controlled\ntrials of natural surfactant replacement to prevent or treat the respiratory distress syndrome.\nFour types of natural surfactant, prepared from animal lungs or human amniotic fluid, have\nbeen used. Each contains mainly phospholipids and small amounts (1-5%) of apoproteins.\nTwo types of trial have been used to test these natural surfactants. In prophylaxis studies,\nbabies &lt; 30 weeks of gestation are given surfactant intratracheally at birth. These studies\nshow a reduction in mortality and pneumothorax and an increase in survival without bronchopulmonary\ndysplasia (BPD) in treated babies compared to matched controls. In rescue\nstudies, where ill babies are given surfactant about 5 h after birth, there is a reduction in\nmortality, pneumothorax, intraventricular haemorrhage and BPD, and an increase in survival\nwithout BPD. However, treated babies also show an increased incidence of patent\nductus arteriosus which has been the only side effect noted to date. All these surfactant\npreparations show similar effects and studies comparing the different types are unlikely to be\nundertaken as large numbers of babies would need to be enrolled to show differences. Many\nuncertainties remain, however, and include the dose of surfactant needed, whether repeat\ndosing is better than single dosing, whether treatment of less-ill babies is justified, and the\nresults of long-term follow-up studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000457601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T17:08:34Z","timestamp":1502471314000},"page":"173-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Clinical Experience with Exogenous Natural Surfactant"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Henry L.","family":"Halliday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"container-title":["Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000457601","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T08:35:08Z","timestamp":1776846908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000457601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000457601","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-8305","2504-2505"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-8305","type":"print"},{"value":"2504-2505","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]}}}