{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T05:04:16Z","timestamp":1780463056316,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"Suppl. 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Urine osmolality (UOSM) reflects the renal regulation of excess fluid or deficit fluid, and therefore, serves as a marker of hydration status. Little is known about monitoring hydration in pregnant and lactating women despite significant physiological challenges to body water balance during that time. Therefore, we designed a study to assess if urine color (UCOL), an inexpensive and practical method, was a valid means of assessing urine concentration. Twenty-four hour UCOL was significantly correlated with 24 h UOSM in all women: pregnant, lactating, and control (r = 0.61-0.84, all p &lt; 0.001). Utilizing a receiver operating characteristic statistical analysis, we found that 24 h and single sample UCOL had excellent diagnostic accuracy for identifying UOSM \u2265500 mOsm\u00b7kg-1 in all women (area under the curve = 0.68-0.95, p &lt; 0.001-0.46), and the UCOL that reflected this cut off was \u22654 on the UCOL chart. Summary: Therefore, UCOL is a valid marker of urine concentration and ultimately hydration status in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant, non-lactating women. For pregnant, lactating, and control women, the UCOL chart is a valid tool that can be used to monitor urine concentration in a single sample or over the course of the day via a 24 h sample. Key Message: Women who present with a UCOL of 4 or more likely have a UOSM \u2265500 mOsm\u00b7kg-1. Given the positive health benefits associated with UOSM &lt;500 mOsm\u00b7kg-1, women should aim for a 1, 2, or 3 on the UCOL chart. If a UCOL of \u22654 is observed, women should consider increasing fluid consumption to improve hydration status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000462999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,14]],"date-time":"2017-06-14T21:01:30Z","timestamp":1497474090000},"page":"18-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Monitoring Body Water Balance in Pregnant and Nursing Women: The Validity of Urine Color"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Amy L.","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence E.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"container-title":["Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/anm\/article-pdf\/70\/Suppl.%201\/18\/4006065\/000462999.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/anm\/article-pdf\/70\/Suppl.%201\/18\/4006065\/000462999.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:24:58Z","timestamp":1745429098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000462999"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl. 1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000462999","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-6807","1421-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-6807","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}