{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:41:07Z","timestamp":1791481267223,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In the past, elevated estradiol levels were reported to downregulate the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, thereby potentially improving iron metabolism. As estrogen plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle and can influence the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6; a hepcidin up-regulator), this investigation examined the effects of estradiol supplementation achieved by the use of a monophasic oral contraceptive pill (OCP) on IL-6, hepcidin levels and iron status during the hormone-deplete versus hormone-replete phases within an oral contraceptive cycle (OCC). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Fifteen healthy female OCP users were recruited and provided a venous blood sample on 2 separate mornings during a 28-day period. These included (a) days 2-4 of the OCC, representing a hormone-free withdrawal period (WD); (b) days 12-14 of the OCC, representing the end of the first week of active hormone therapy (AHT). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; IL-6 and hepcidin levels were not significantly different at WD and AHT. Serum ferritin was significantly higher (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.039) during AHT as compared to WD. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Fluctuations in OCP hormones (estradiol and\/or progestogen) had no effect on basal IL-6 and hepcidin levels in young women. Nevertheless, elevated ferritin levels recorded during AHT may indicate that OCP hormones can positively influence iron stores within an OCC despite unchanged hepcidin levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000465530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]],"date-time":"2017-03-22T22:17:16Z","timestamp":1490221036000},"page":"100-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Interleukin-6 and Hepcidin Levels during Hormone-Deplete and Hormone-Replete Phases of an Oral Contraceptive Cycle: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5166-0605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Sim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Landers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorine W.","family":"Swinkels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwin","family":"Wiegerinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bu B.","family":"Yeap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Trinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Peeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27774"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051493"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-10-3235"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI20945"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104742"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2009.03.023"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2045"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148802"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117100"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(02)00388-0"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1159"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2013-0067"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1789-8"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.149187"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-337907"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20150014"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1996.0178"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(97)90060-3"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000059389"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1999.0570"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01698138"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(92)90095-B"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093002"}],"container-title":["Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/465530","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/465530","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/465530","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:34:18Z","timestamp":1745429658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000465530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000465530","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-6807","1421-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-6807","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}