{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:15:40Z","timestamp":1777907740012,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Pharmacopsychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ten rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain)\nwere divided into two groups. Five rats were given lithium-containing food and five served as\ncontrols. During the first weeks the lithium content of the food was 40 mM\/kg dry weight;\nin order to obtain a serum lithium level comparable to that used in treatment of patients,\n0.7-1 mAf, the lithium content of the food had to be raised to 60 mM\/kg dry weight.\nWithin a few days with this lithium intake, the rats developed signs of intoxication, loss of\nweight and decrease of fluid intake. The condition was reversed by giving the rats a free\nchoice between 0.9-percent NaCl and tap water. With this regimen a stable serum lithium\nconcentration of 0.8 mAf was maintained for 2 months without any signs of intoxication.\nThe lithium-treated rats drank more saline than did the controls. This extra sodium intake\nresulted in a 50-percent higher total fluid intake by the lithium-treated rats than by the\ncontrols. Equally large fluid intakes of the two groups were obtained by adding more\nsodium to the food of the control animals and less to the food of the lithium-treated rats.\nDuring the following 2 months, the mean serum lithium concentration was; 1.1 mM and no\nsigns of intoxication occurred. The administration of extra sodium to the lithium-treated\nrats did not abolish the lithium-induced lowered antidiuretic response to vasopressin.\nThe study shows that by appropriate administration of the lithium and sodium intakes\nit is possible to maintain rats at a serum lithium level of 0.7-1 mM for long periods of time\nwithout signs of intoxication and with the same body weight as control rats. This may be\nuseful for studies of lithium-induced effects. By using Brattleboro rats for the experiments,\nit is possible to eliminate the difference in urine flow between the lithium-treated rats and\nthe control rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000468123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T17:19:49Z","timestamp":1502471989000},"page":"118-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Long-Term Lithium Administration to Rats"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Vendelin Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"container-title":["International Pharmacopsychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000468123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:46:10Z","timestamp":1777643170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000468123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000468123","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-8272","2504-2580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-8272","type":"print"},{"value":"2504-2580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]}}}