{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:27:54Z","timestamp":1777868874147,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Enzyme"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood lithium (Li) levels, renal functional parameters and urine excretion of\nenzymatic activities having different intracellular sites were investigated on rats submitted to\nacute and subacute Li chloride administration. In acute experiments increased levels of all\ndetected enzymes were assayed following Li single doses of 5 and 10 mEq\/kg b.w. In subacute\npoisoning, urine output of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase\nwas significantly over the basal ranges following 15 days in concomitance with\nmarked elevation of plasma Li levels and exhibited progressive increase until 30 days; on the\n10th day following Li withdrawal, elevated excretion of enzymatic activities was still\nassayed.\nThe results are in agreement with data about the localization of the histologic lesions\ninvolving different sites of the nephron in acute Li poisoning and the distal tubular tract in\nsubacute toxicity. In subacute administration the output of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial\nactivities can be assumed as an index of damage of the nephron cells which can persist\nfollowing Li withdrawal. Our findings indicate that the urine enzyme assay is a valuable tool\nto detect renal damage in experimental Li nephropathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000469383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T17:22:50Z","timestamp":1502472170000},"page":"177-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Urinary Enzyme Excretion in Acute and Subacute Experimental\nLithium Administration"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Emanuelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Anfossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Calcamuggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Marcarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Ottone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Dughera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"container-title":["Enzyme"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000469383","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:48:32Z","timestamp":1777553312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000469383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000469383","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9432","2504-2564"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9432","type":"print"},{"value":"2504-2564","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]}}}