{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:48:02Z","timestamp":1793947682608,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Surg Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background\/Purpose:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and calcium phosphate (Ca-P) cements are widely used for arthroplasty surgery and augmentation of bone defects. However, aseptic implant loosening in absence of wear-induced osteolysis indicates an unfavourable interaction between the cement surface and human osteoblasts. Our underlying hypothesis is that cement surfaces directly modify cell viability, proliferation rate, and cell differentiation. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To test this hypothesis, we examined primary human osteoblasts harvested from six individuals. These cells were pooled and subsequently seeded directly on cement pellets prepared from Palacos\u00ae R, Palacos\u00ae R+G, and Norian\u00ae Drillable cements. After incubation for 24 and 72 h, cell viability, proliferation rate, apoptosis rate, and cell differentiation were analysed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Upon cultivation of human osteoblasts on cement surfaces, we observed a significantly reduced cell viability and DNA content compared to the control. Analysis of the apoptosis rate revealed an increase for cells on Palacos R and Norian Drillable, but a significant decrease on Palacos R+G compared to the control. Regarding osteogenic differentiation, significantly lower values of alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity were identified for all cement surfaces after 24 and 72 h compared to cultivation on tissue culture plastic, serving as control. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In summary, these data suggest a limited biocompatibility of both PMMA and Ca-P cements, necessitating further research to reduce unfavourable cell-cement interactions and consequently extend implant survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000470839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T21:03:52Z","timestamp":1494536632000},"page":"216-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In vitro Growth Pattern of Primary Human Osteoblasts on Calcium Phosphate- and Polymethylmethacrylate-Based Bone 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