{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:25:36Z","timestamp":1785461136753,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Pharmacol Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background\/Aims:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Excessive melanogenesis often causes unaesthetic hyperpigmentation. In a previous report, our group introduced a newly synthesized depigmentary agent, Melasolv\u2122 (3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate thymol ester). In this study, we demonstrated the significant whitening efficacy of Melasolv using various melanocytes and human skin equivalents as in vitro experimental systems. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The depigmentary effect of Melasolv was tested in melan-a cells (immortalized normal murine melanocytes), \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (\u03b1-MSH)-stimulated B16 murine melanoma cells, primary normal human melanocytes (NHMs), and human skin equivalent (MelanoDerm). The whitening efficacy of Melasolv was further demonstrated by photography, time-lapse microscopy, Fontana-Masson (F&amp;amp;M) staining, and 2-photon microscopy. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Melasolv significantly inhibited melanogenesis in the melan-a and \u03b1-MSH-stimulated B16 cells. In human systems, Melasolv also clearly showed a whitening effect in NHMs and human skin equivalent, reflecting a decrease in melanin content. F&amp;amp;M staining and 2-photon microscopy revealed that Melasolv suppressed melanin transfer into multiple epidermal layers from melanocytes as well as melanin synthesis in human skin equivalent. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Our study showed that Melasolv clearly exerts a whitening effect on various melanocytes and human skin equivalent. These results suggest the possibility that Melasolv can be used as a depigmentary agent to treat pigmentary disorders as well as an active ingredient in cosmetics to increase whitening efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000477356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T21:02:08Z","timestamp":1498770128000},"page":"190-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Antimelanogenic Efficacy of Melasolv (3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamate Thymol Ester) in Melanocytes and Three-Dimensional Human Skin Equivalent"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"John Hwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Soo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il-Hong","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Ah","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se-Hwa","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae-Yong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nok-Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Sik","family":"Rho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Geun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.019"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00029.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700683"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00334.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.51.1085"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.018"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2717522"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(86)90327-1"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000178870"}],"container-title":["Skin Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/477356","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/477356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:29:11Z","timestamp":1745425751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000477356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000477356","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.5155417","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1660-5527","1660-5535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-5527","type":"print"},{"value":"1660-5535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}