{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:36:59Z","timestamp":1770986219901,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) can be used for precise targeting of malignant lesions of the CNS when brachytherapy is not an appropriate option. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This study reports treatment technique, efficacy, and radiation-induced adverse effects in patients with primary and metastatic ocular lesions treated with Leksell GKR. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A retrospective, single-institution review was conducted of 28 patients with primary or metastatic ocular disease, treated from 2000 to 2014. The dose to margin was 17-27 Gy (maximum dose 28-54 Gy). Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), local control, progression-free survival (PFS), and enucleation. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The median age at diagnosis was 70 years, and the median follow-up was 26.4 months. Of the 28 patients, 11 (39%) had metastatic ocular disease, and 17 (61%) were diagnosed with primary ocular melanoma (stage T2a-T4e). The average maximum dose and dose to margin were 41 and 21 Gy, respectively. The mean dose to the optic nerve was 12.6 Gy. The 5-year OS was 46% (95% CI: 23.6-68.4%) for the entire cohort; the 5-year PFS for M0 patients who presented with primary ocular melanoma lesions was 90% (95% CI: 71-100%). Only 1 patient required enucleation after radiation treatment. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; GKR is an effective option, with acceptable levels of toxicity, in the treatment of primary and metastatic ocular lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000478271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T23:16:50Z","timestamp":1509751010000},"page":"363-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Primary and Metastatic Ocular Malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Andrea L.H.","family":"Arnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret M.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose S.","family":"Pulido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian F.","family":"Parney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia N.","family":"Laack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00078-2"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.142208"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.11.004"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.10.077"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000098525"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00081-0"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-304031"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302399"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01011-4"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(00)00164-X"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.120.12.1665"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.01.016"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04200-1"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302490"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.153429"}],"container-title":["Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/478271","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/478271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:37:18Z","timestamp":1745426238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000478271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000478271","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-6125","1423-0372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1011-6125","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}