{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T09:40:46Z","timestamp":1769506846792,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroepidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Intracranial large-artery disease (LAD) is a predominant vascular lesion found in patients with stroke of Asian, African, and Hispanic origin, whereas extracranial LAD is more prevalent among Caucasians. These patterns are not well-established in the Middle East. We aimed to characterize the incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcome of LAD strokes in a Middle-Eastern population. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study is a community-based study that prospectively ascertained all cases of stroke among the 450,229 inhabitants of Mashhad, Iran between 2006 and 2007. Ischemic strokes were classified according to the TOAST criteria. Duplex-ultrasonography (98.6%), MR-angiography (8.3%), CT-angiography (11%), and digital-subtraction angiography (9.7%) were performed to identify involvements. Vessels were considered stenotic when the lumen was occluded by >50%. <b><i>Results<\/i><\/b>: We identified 72 cases (15.99 per 100,000) of incident LAD strokes (mean age 67.6 \u00b1 11.7). Overall, 77% had extracranial LAD (58% male, mean age 69.8 \u00b1 10.3; 50 [89%] carotid vs. 6 [11%] vertebral artery), and the remaining 23% (56% male, mean age 60.2 \u00b1 13.4; 69% anterior-circulation stenosis) had intracranial LAD strokes. We were unable to detect differences in case-fatality between extracranial (1-year: 28.6%; 5-year: 59.8%) and intracranial diseases (1-year: 18.8%; 5-year: 36.8%; log-rank; <i>p<\/i> = 0.1). <b><i>Conclusion<\/i><\/b>: Extracranial carotid stenosis represents the majority of LAD strokes in this population. Thus, public health strategies may best be developed in such a way that they are targeted toward the risk factors that contribute to extracranial stenosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000479519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,10]],"date-time":"2017-08-10T21:01:41Z","timestamp":1502398901000},"page":"188-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Epidemiology of Intracranial and Extracranial Large Artery Stenosis in a Population-Based Study of Stroke in the Middle East"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Saber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8533-4170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda G.","family":"Thrift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saverio","family":"Stranges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Bavarsad Shahripour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad T.","family":"Farzadfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naghmeh","family":"Mokhber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9za","family":"Behrouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Reza","family":"Azarpazhooh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.1.35"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2006.00045.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.4.626"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.11.1974"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699785"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.559708"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016684843"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000108494"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2009.00415.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.1.14"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.484584"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.11.1561"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000264427.09191.89"}],"container-title":["Neuroepidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/479519","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/479519","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:46:02Z","timestamp":1745426762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000479519"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000479519","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0251-5350","1423-0208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0251-5350","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}