{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:21:09Z","timestamp":1785252069861,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aim: The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is known to lead to hypergastrinemia; however, the data in patients with atrophic gastritis is still lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term PPIs use on the gastrin levels in patients with atrophic gastritis and to determine factors affecting hypergastrinemia in long-term users of PPIs. Methods: Serum Helicobacter pylori IgG, gastrin and pepsinogen levels were measured. Atrophic gastritis was assessed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopies based on the Kimura-Takemoto classification and pepsinogen levels. CYP2C19 polymorphisms were assessed using DNA extracted from peripheral blood. Results: A total number of 382 patients (275 men and 107 women) were enrolled. Median serum gastrin levels were higher in PPI users than in non- users (234 vs. 113 pg\/mL, p\u00a0&lt; 0.001) and in women than in men (252 vs. 155 pg\/mL, p\u00a0= 0.006). Gastrin levels were significantly associated with corpus atrophy only in the subgroup of non-users of PPIs. Multivariate analysis revealed that hypergastrinemia (over 150 pg\/mL) was significantly associated with PPI use (OR 5.30; 95% CI 3.32\u20138.47), women (OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.33\u20133.72) and corpus atrophy (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.14\u20132.90). Conclusion: PPI use, women and corpus atrophy were risk factors for hypergastrinemia. Gender, but not corpus atrophy, affected the gastrin levels in long-term users of PPIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000484688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T22:01:27Z","timestamp":1515448887000},"page":"154-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Hypergastrinemia in Long-Term Use of Proton Pump 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