{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T05:21:58Z","timestamp":1780118518176,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Aims:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To evaluate whether participant characteristics and way of expressing circulating fatty acids (FA) influence the strengths of associations between self-reported intake and circulating levels of linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Cross-sectional analyses were performed in pooled data from the CODAM (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 469) and Hoorn (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 702) studies. Circulating FA were measured by gas liquid chromatography and expressed as proportions (% of total FA) and concentrations (\u00b5g\/mL). Dietary intakes were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Effects of participant characteristics on associations between dietary and circulating FA were calculated using interaction analyses. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Standardized regression coefficients between dietary FA and proportions of circulating FA (% of total FA) were LA \u03b2 = 0.28, ALA \u03b2 = 0.13, EPA \u03b2 = 0.34, and DHA \u03b2 = 0.45. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and presence of CVD influenced associations for LA; gender influenced LA, EPA, and DHA; alcohol intake influenced LA and DHA; and glucose tolerance status influenced ALA (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; values interaction &amp;#x3c;0.05). Coefficients for circulating FA as concentrations were LA \u03b2 = 0.19, ALA \u03b2 = 0.10, EPA \u03b2 = 0.31, and DHA \u03b2 = 0.41. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This study suggests that characteristics such as BMI, alcohol intake, and expressing circulating FA as proportions or concentrations, influence associations between dietary and circulating FA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000486244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T22:01:25Z","timestamp":1516917685000},"page":"117-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Biomarkers for Dietary Intake across Subgroups: The CODAM and Hoorn 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