{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:51:44Z","timestamp":1789905104916,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Kidney Blood Press Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background\/Aims:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis and still constitutes one of the most important causes of end-stage renal disease. Abnormal T cell responses may play a role in IgAN pathogenesis. Co-stimulatory molecules such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) are important for naive T cells to initiate and terminate immune responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CTLA4 gene locus are associated with several autoimmune diseases. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We aimed to investigate the occurrence of the SNPs -318C\/T, +49A\/G and CT60 G\/A within the CTLA4 locus in healthy blood donors (n=455) and IgAN patients (n=252) recruited from the recently published STOP-IgAN trial. The presence of these SNPs was then associated with baseline proteinuria in IgAN patients. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We observed a significantly increased frequency of the CTLA4 -318C\/T genotype in IgAN patients as compared to controls (CC vs. CT+TT: OR 1.65, 95%-CI 1.03-2.65, p=0.035). No significant associations, neither with the +49A\/G nor for the CT60 G\/A SNP, were detected. However, when we stratified for proteinuria at time of inclusion into the STOP-IgAN trial (&amp;#x3c;1 g\/day vs. &amp;#x3e;1 g\/day), we observed significant differences in the frequencies of the CT60 G\/A genotype, i.e. a significantly increased risk for higher proteinuria in patients carrying the G allele (OR 2.81, 95%-CI 1.03-7.64, p=0.042). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The CTLA4 -318\/C\/T SNP was associated with an increased risk to develop IgAN, while the CT60 G\/A genotype significantly associated with the risk for higher proteinuria suggesting a possible role for CTLA-4 in IgAN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000488069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,14]],"date-time":"2018-03-14T22:01:55Z","timestamp":1521064915000},"page":"360-366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["CTLA-4 Polymorphisms in Patients with IgA Nephropathy Correlate with Proteinuria"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Marius","family":"Jacob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Ohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tannaz","family":"Goodarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Harendza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Eggermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Fitzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf-Dieter","family":"Hilgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Floege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Rauen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Tenbrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1206793"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07420716"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3628-1"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.02.003"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.091101.091806"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2216-7"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010010076"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.787"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1047"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006609"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3118"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1415463"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01621"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00639.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft381"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.01.427"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90125-6"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2874-8"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI20402"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00477.x"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363752"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2008.02.011"}],"container-title":["Kidney 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