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It is well known that the hippocampus has a fundamental role in pain perception, and astrocytes play a crucial role in pain signaling. Our aim is to evaluate the ability of dexmedetomidine to attenuate the inflammatory responses induced in astrocytes. In a group of healthy rats, induction of chronic muscle pain by intramuscular injection of 100 \u00b5L of acidic saline on days 0 and 5 resulted in peripheral sensitization (measured using the von Frey test) and significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.05) increases in IL-1\u03b2 (160.2 \u00b1 1.1 to 335.2 \u00b1 1.8), IL-6 (100.1 \u00b1 1.4 to 202.4 \u00b1 1.1), and TNF-\u03b1 (60.0 \u00b1 0.7 to 115.5 \u00b1 1). Light and electron microscopy revealed degenerative changes in the hippocampus and reactive astrogliosis. Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of glial fibrillary acid protein and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Surprisingly, treatment with a single dose of an \u03b1&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;-adrenergic agonist, dexmedetomidine (5 \u00b5g\/kg i.p.), attenuated these changes. This trial suggests that dexmedetomidine possibly directly acts on astrocytes, and a peripheral action is also suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000488757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T21:01:18Z","timestamp":1527627678000},"page":"105-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Reactive Astrogliosis in an Experimental Model of Fibromyalgia: Effect of 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