{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T11:13:06Z","timestamp":1781003586292,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Purpose:<\/i><\/b> To<i><\/i> determine the efficacy of eugenol for the treatment of <i>Candida<\/i> keratitis in an experimental model. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> The in vitro<i><\/i> antifungal activity of eugenol and fluconazole was tested against <i>C. albicans<\/i> strains via the microbroth dilution method. An experimental model of <i>Candida albicans<\/i> keratitis was used. Rabbits were classified into those that received no treatment (control; group 1) and those that started eugenol treatment immediately (group 2) or after 4 days (group 3) of keratitis induction (<i>n<\/i> = 12\u201316 rabbits\/group). The 2 treatment groups were assigned to 50 \u03bcL of 4 mg\/mL eugenol drops hourly for 15 days, while the control group received saline. Corneal penetration of eugenol was measured using HPLC, and corneal toxicity was evaluated clinically and histopathologically. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> The in vitro<i><\/i> minimum inhibitory concentrations of eugenol and fluconazole against <i>C. albicans<\/i> were 2 and &#x3e; 0.4 mg\/mL, respectively. A 4-mg\/mL preparation of eugenol in propylene glycol was the maximum nontoxic dose on rabbit corneas as suggested by clinical and histopathologic findings. At least 75% of all eugenol-treated eyes recovered from keratitis, with improvement in the remaining 25% of the eyes compared to controls. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> Eugenol can act as a natural, safe, and effective treatment for fungal keratitis, regardless of whether treatment is started immediately or after 4 days of keratitis induction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000488907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T21:02:29Z","timestamp":1530651749000},"page":"69-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Topical Eugenol Successfully Treats Experimental <b><i>Candida albicans<\/i><\/b>-Induced Keratitis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Heba\u00a0A.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud\u00a0M.","family":"Geniady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayed\u00a0F.","family":"Abdelwahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal\u00a0I.","family":"Abd-Elghany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatem\u00a0A.","family":"Sarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed\u00a0A.","family":"Abdelghany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed\u00a0S.","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra\u00a0E.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge\u00a0L.","family":"Alio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/488907","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/488907","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:24:02Z","timestamp":1745425442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000488907"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000488907","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}