{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:12:51Z","timestamp":1771517571169,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Folia Phoniatr Logop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; This study establishes normative nasalance values for middle-aged and elderly Brazilian Portuguese-speakers and investigates age and gender effects across the life span. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Nasalance scores were obtained from 62 middle-aged (45\u201359 years) and 60 elderly (60\u201379 years) participants with normal speech for 3 nonnasal, 1 phonetically balanced, and 2 nasal-loaded test sentences using the Nasometer II 6400. The data were combined with a published data set of 237 speakers in 4 groups: children (5\u20139 years), adolescents (10\u201319 years), young adults (20\u201324 years), and mature adults (25\u201335 years). A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to investigate differences between the stimuli by gender and age groups. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; There were statistically significant effects of stimulus, gender, and age group, as well as a stimulus-age group interaction effect and a gender-age group interaction effect. The females\u2019 mean nasalance scores were higher than those of the males. The mean nasalance scores for the child, adolescent, and young and mature adult speakers were significantly lower than those for the elderly speakers, and the children\u2019s scores were significantly lower than those of the middle-aged speakers. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Higher nasalance scores among middle-aged and elderly speakers may indicate physiological changes affecting oral-nasal balance in speech across the life span.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000489334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]],"date-time":"2018-07-24T22:09:51Z","timestamp":1532470191000},"page":"82-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Normative Nasalance Scores for Middle-Aged and Elderly Speakers of Brazilian Portuguese"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Viviane\u00a0Cristina\u00a0de\u00a0Castro","family":"Marino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa\u00a0Moraes","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"de\u00a0Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeniffer\u00a0de\u00a0C\u00e1ssia\u00a0Rillo","family":"Dutka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliana\u00a0Maria\u00a0Gradim","family":"Fabbron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5675-0490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Bressmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"container-title":["Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/489334","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/489334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:28:46Z","timestamp":1745425726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000489334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000489334","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7762","1421-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7762","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9972","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}