{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T02:53:06Z","timestamp":1768445586635,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> While nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pleuritis rarely complicates pulmonary NTM infection, high mortality has been reported in case reports and small studies. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical features and treatment outcomes of pulmonary NTM infection cases accompanied by NTM pleuritis. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Medical records of 1,044 patients with pulmonary NTM disease were retrospectively reviewed to select patients complicated by NTM-proven pleuritis. We investigated clinical characteristics, pathogens, pleural effusion examinations, radiographic findings, treatments, and clinical course of the NTM pleuritis patients. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Among 1,044 cases with pulmonary NTM, NTM pleuritis occurred in 15 cases (1.4%). The mean age was 69 years with a performance status of mostly 2 or better (80.0%), and 6 cases (40.0%) were complicated by pneumothorax. Subpleural cavities were radiologically detected in 11 cases (73.3%), and extrapulmonary air-fluid level was detected in 14 cases (93.3%). Eleven patients were treated with combinations of 2\u20134 antimycobacterial drugs, including clarithromycin, and 2 patients were treated with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Chest tube drainage was performed in 11 cases, and surgical approach was added in 6 cases. The pleural effusion of 2 patients treated with only antimycobacterial medications gradually deteriorated. Two patients died from NTM pleuritis, and 1 patient died from pneumonitis during a mean of 1.8 years of follow-up. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> Comorbid NTM pleuritis was difficult to treat by medical therapy alone and resulted in a poor prognosis. In addition to antimycobacterial agents, chest tube drainage and surgical procedures in the early stages should be considered to treat NTM pleuritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000490548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T21:01:37Z","timestamp":1538686897000},"page":"507-513","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Clinical Features and Prognosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pleuritis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4489-5243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Ando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirotoshi","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuharu","family":"Ohshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Kitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Hebisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]]},"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/490548","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/490548","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:40:08Z","timestamp":1745426408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000490548"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000490548","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}