{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:30:23Z","timestamp":1790505023313,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Innate Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> We have previously identified the upregulation of the innate immune response, neutrophil activation, and apoptosis during anaphylaxis using a microarray approach. This study aimed to validate the differential gene expression and investigate protein concentrations of \u201chub genes\u201d and upstream regulators during anaphylaxis. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> Samples were collected from patients with anaphylaxis on their arrival at the emergency department, and after 1 and 3 h. mRNA levels of 11 genes (<i>interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-10, oncostatin M [OSM], S100A8, S100A9, matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP9], FASL, toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4], MYD88, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 [TREM1]<\/i>, and <i>cluster of differentiation 64 [CD64]<\/i>) were measured in peripheral blood leucocytes using qPCR. Serum protein concentrations were measured by ELISA or cytometric bead array for 6 of these candidates. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Of 69 anaphylaxis patients enrolled, 36 (52%) had severe reactions, and 38 (55%) were female. Increases in both mRNA and protein of IL-10, S100A9, MMP9, and TREM1 were observed. <i>OSM<\/i>, <i>S100A8<\/i>, <i>TLR4<\/i>, and <i>CD64<\/i> were upregulated and IL-6 protein concentrations were increased during anaphylaxis. Both <i>FASL<\/i> and soluble Fas ligand decreased during anaphylaxis. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> These results provide evidence for the involvement of innate immune pathways and myeloid cells during human anaphylaxis, validating previous microarray findings. Elevated <i>S100A8<\/i>, <i>S100A9<\/i>, <i>TLR4<\/i>, and <i>TREM1<\/i> expression, and increased S100A9 and soluble TREM1 protein concentrations strongly suggest that neutrophils are activated during acute anaphylaxis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000492301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T21:01:24Z","timestamp":1536267684000},"page":"63-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Markers Involved in Innate Immunity and Neutrophil Activation are Elevated during Acute Human Anaphylaxis: Validation of a Microarray Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Abbie","family":"Francis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Bosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley\u00a0F.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel\u00a0M.","family":"Fatovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn","family":"Arendts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen\u00a0P.J.","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon\u00a0G.A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.07.040"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.1303"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.12.981"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.08.035"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.055"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2007.03.013"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101409"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/CRIAI:28:3:257"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306170"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0605353"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071553"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105695108"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2011.01500.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.04.029"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12868"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02186.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-28"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.01.043"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.12.615"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.5.2848"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2001.01069.x"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.6.3233"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1008647"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2011.0274"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.5.3520"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35074114"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01012.x"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22462"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/628754"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.14.3.8845180"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.3.9908016"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00001803"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64205-8"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7533326"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-07-442541"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.10025"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/78.5.530"}],"container-title":["Journal of Innate Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/492301","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/492301","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:53:50Z","timestamp":1745427230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000492301"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000492301","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.7053533","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1662-811X","1662-8128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-811X","type":"print"},{"value":"1662-8128","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]}}}