{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:09:21Z","timestamp":1780466961029,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intervirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug-resistant mutations in patients co- infected with HBV\/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including both drug-na\u00efve subjects and those who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Guangxi, where the prevalence of HIV\/HBV co-infection is highest in China. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Two hundred and three subjects co-infected with HBV\/HIV were recruited, including 123 drug-na\u00efve patients (group 1) and 80 who received ART (group 2). The polymerase gene of HBV in the serum of all study subjects was analysed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The results showed that the prevalence of HBV drug-resistant mutations in group 2 (76.5%, 95% CI 56.3\u201396.7) was significantly higher than that in group 1 (1.4%, 95% CI \u20131.4 to 4.2; \u03c7&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt; = 50.955, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.05). The major pattern of lamivudine (3TC)-resistant mutations is L180M+M204I+L80I (35.7%). In total, 95% of subjects with resistant mutations had cross-resistance to telbivudine and entecavir. No putative tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) resistance change was found. Five subjects (6.5%) in group 2 had HBV viral loads over 10 \u00d7 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;\/sup&gt; copies\/mL. Four of them had 3TC-resistant mutations. Multivariate analysis showed that ART was the only factor associated with the development of drug-resistant mutations. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Treating HIV in HIV\/HBV co-infection with antiretroviral agents may result in a very high prevalence of HBV 3TC-resistant mutations. TDF could not completely suppress HBV replication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000493797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T21:01:30Z","timestamp":1540587690000},"page":"123-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["High Prevalence of HBV Lamivudine-Resistant Mutations in HBV\/HIV Co-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in the Area with the Highest Prevalence of HIV\/HBV Co-Infection in China"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Hui-Hua\u00a0","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Wen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin-Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim\u00a0J.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Jia","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao\u00a0","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ping","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuang-Chuang\u00a0","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8628-4213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhong-Liao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8211155"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2004.10.004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.045"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl123"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.08.063"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i1.125"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-828676"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp414"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3060"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134539"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62001-6"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23278"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1271388"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1499"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i19.5708"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2942"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3055"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21845"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22192"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26686"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2008.00683.x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27182"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001080"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-015-0308-0"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i1.126"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/525857"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv363"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000218550.85081.59"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.038"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir851"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(02)00049-5"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26374"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2009.0322"}],"container-title":["Intervirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/493797","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/493797","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:56:38Z","timestamp":1745427398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000493797"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-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