{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:16:30Z","timestamp":1762542990495,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ocul Oncol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Purpose:<\/i><\/b> Choroidal nevus can cause overlying chronic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degenerative features, but frank retinal invasion is exquisitely rare. <b><i>Procedures:<\/i><\/b> This is a retrospective review of 8 cases of choroidal nevus with retinal invasion with evaluation of clinical and imaging features. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> At the time of diagnosis of choroidal nevus with retinal invasion, mean patient age was 65 years. Mean tumor basal diameter was 7 mm, and mean thickness was 2.3 mm. Retinal invasion was ophthalmoscopically visible in all eyes. Related features included drusen (<i>n<\/i> = 4\/8) and RPE fibrous metaplasia (<i>n<\/i> = 2\/8). Overlying lipofuscin, subretinal fluid, RPE detachment, and retinal edema were absent. On B-scan ultrasonography, the lesion was dome-shaped (<i>n<\/i> = 7\/7) and echo-dense (<i>n<\/i> = 6\/7). Optical coherence tomography demonstrated outer retinal invasion (<i>n<\/i> = 8\/8) with additional inner retinal invasion (<i>n<\/i> = 3\/8). The tissue was hypoautofluorescent at the site of invasion (<i>n<\/i> = 6\/7). Over a mean follow-up of 40 months, tumor enlargement was detected in 2 eyes and managed with observation (&#x3c; 1 mm enlargement) or plaque radiotherapy (5 mm enlargement). Nevus hypoautofluorescence was correlated with nevus stability (<i>p<\/i> = 0.035). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> Retinal invasion of the choroidal nevus is rare. In this series of 8 cases, only 1 demonstrated transformation to melanoma over a mean interval of 40 months. Long-term monitoring of such lesions is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000495841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]],"date-time":"2019-02-07T22:01:14Z","timestamp":1549576874000},"page":"369-378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Choroidal Nevus with Retinal Invasion in 8 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Stephanie\u00a0J.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Stathopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3288-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol\u00a0L.","family":"Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.06.008"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.116.5.645"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.07.009"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0b013e32835175ec"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.8.691"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200504000-00001"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00868-7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.11.001"}],"container-title":["Ocular Oncology and Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/495841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/495841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:18:57Z","timestamp":1745428737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000495841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000495841","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-4681","2296-4657"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2296-4681"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-4657"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}