{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T20:21:55Z","timestamp":1771878115034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"Suppl. 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Blood Purif"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Abnormal mineral metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may lead to vascular calcification, which is markedly associated with adverse events, including ischemic cardiac diseases and all-cause cardiovascular mortality. Thus, preventing and treating vascular calcification play an important role in improving the prognosis of CKD patients. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> To investigate the potential functions of sclerostin and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (Lrp4) in alleviating the \u03b2-glycerophosphate (\u03b2-GP)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification, and the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> VSMC were extracted from Sprague-Dawley rat aorta and cultured in medium. The VSMCs were divided into 3 groups: (1) Negative control group, (2) \u03b2-GP group, in which the VSMCs were treated with \u03b2-GP, and (3) GBE and \u03b2-GP group, where the VSMCs were treated with both \u03b2-GP and GBE. The calcium nodules within the cells were examined by using Alizarin red S staining. The mRNA expression levels of \u03b2-catenin and bone gamma-carboxyglutamic-acid-containing proteins (BGP) were detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of sclerostin and Lrp4 were determined by Western blot. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Alizarin red S staining showed that the VSMCs in \u03b2-GP group had a distinct orange-red precipitate when compared with VSMCs in the negative control group, while the orange-red precipitate of the GBE and \u03b2-GP group was significantly reduced compared to the \u03b2-GP group. Real-time PCR showed that the mRNA levels of \u03b2-catenin and BGP in VSMCs of \u03b2-GP group were significantly higher than those of the negative control group (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05); while they were significantly reduced in VSMCs of the GBE and \u03b2-GP group (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05). Western blot results showed that the expression of sclerostin in the \u03b2-GP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05), whereas Lrp4 was significantly lower than in control group (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05). Sclerostin in GBE and \u03b2-GP group was significantly reduced (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05), but Lrp4 was significantly elevated when compared with that of the \u03b2-GP group (<i>p<\/i>\u00a0&#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> \u03b2-GP induced VSMC calcification by activating the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway. Sclerostin and Lrp4 were involved in \u03b2-GP-induced VSMC calcification and play an important role. GBE could alleviate VSMC calcification induced by \u03b2-GP through inhibiting the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000496219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T22:01:26Z","timestamp":1548885686000},"page":"17-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Sclerostin\/Receptor Related Protein 4 and Ginkgo Biloba Extract Alleviates \u03b2-Glycerophosphate-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification By Inhibiting Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianhua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zitong","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"container-title":["Blood Purification"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/496219","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/496219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:23:16Z","timestamp":1745428996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000496219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl. 1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000496219","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0253-5068","1421-9735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0253-5068","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}