{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:28:02Z","timestamp":1774535282965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res Paediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Treatment with growth hormone (GH) is standard clinical practice in children with GH deficiency (GHD) or Turner syndrome (TS). Hitherto, no long-term data on auxological outcome and safety of Zomacton\u00ae have been published. Data comparing needle-free administration (NF) and needle injection (NI) of GH are very sparse. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Aims:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To analyse longitudinal auxological outcome and safety data of GH treatment-na\u00efve patients diagnosed with GHD or TS and to compare NF and NI in a real-life setting. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Pooled auxological data and safety information from three consecutive prospective observational Zomacton\u00ae studies covering 22 years of treatment were analysed and NF was compared to NI. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The safety cohort comprised 1,595 patients who received at least one GH dose. The auxological outcome cohort comprised 856 treatment-na\u00efve patients with follow-up data \u226512 months. Height-SDS and height velocity improved significantly during the first 3 years of treatment. Documented choice of device was available for 658 patients (NF 69.1%, NI 30.9%). NF administration was non-inferior to NI. No previously unknown safety signals occurred. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Real-life data show that treatment with Zomacton\u00ae improves auxological outcome parameters without new safety concerns. NF administration of GH represents a useful alternative to NI in children with growth disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000496614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T22:01:49Z","timestamp":1551823309000},"page":"393-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Needle-Free and Needle-Based Growth Hormone Therapy in Children: A Pooled Analysis of Three Long-Term Observational 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