{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:35:09Z","timestamp":1789763709525,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2534,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background and Objective: Thyroid hormones play an important role in intermediate metabolism, and abnormal glucose tolerance is often observed in patients with hyperthyroidism. Several pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed as contributors. However, there is no conclusive evidence in the existing literature regarding the predominant underlying pathophysiology. Our objective was to determine the changes in insulin resistance parameters and beta-cell function in patients with Graves\u2019 disease following restoration of a euthyroid state. Methodology: This was an observational study with a before-after study design. Forty-five treatment-na\u00efve adults with Graves\u2019 diseases were included and 36 completed the study. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed at baseline and after 3 months of achieving a stable euthyroid state to assess glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and beta-cell function. All patients were treated with antithyroid medication. The outcome measures studied were the Homeostasis Model Assessment-2 Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR), Matsuda index, and Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index (ISSI)-2. Results: Two-thirds of the patients had abnormal glucose tolerance at baseline. Among those with abnormal glucose tolerance at baseline, 34.7% had persistent abnormality during follow-up. During follow-up, no significant change was noted in the indices of insulin resistance. Patients with abnormal glucose tolerance had a significantly lower ISSI-2 index at baseline and it improved after achieving a euthyroid state. Conclusions: Abnormal glucose tolerance is a significant metabolic consequence in patients with Graves\u2019 disease. Decreased beta-cell function was observed among those with abnormal glucose tolerance and it improved during follow-up. In a proportion of patients, abnormal glucose tolerance persisted after 3 months, emphasizing the need for continued follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000496924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1553191231000},"page":"59-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Insulin Sensitivity and Beta-Cell Function in Graves\u2019 Disease and Their Changes with the Carbimazole-Induced Euthyroid State"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nandhini","family":"Lakshmana\u00a0Perumal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayakumar","family":"Selvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalyani","family":"Sridharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayaprakash","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadishkumar","family":"Kamalanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"2026070712565410700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510030","article-title":"Graves\u2019 Disease","volume":"375","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0028-4793","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070712565410700_ref2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Glycemic status in hyperthyroid subjects","volume":"13","author":"Paul","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med J","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1022-4742","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026070712565410700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070097","article-title":"SIRT1 is a direct coactivator of thyroid hormone receptor \u03b21 with gene-specific 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