{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T15:56:23Z","timestamp":1787932583443,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Addict Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background and Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Even though nightlife studies with potentially intoxicated participants provide the much needed information on drug use, they face additional methodological challenges. This study aimed to explore the utility of such studies by (i) classifying nightlife attendees based on their self-reported drug use and by (ii) examining whether these classifications were meaningful when assessed against other sources of data, including oral fluid drug tests. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Self-reported questionnaires, oral fluid samples and blood alcohol concentration readings were collected in a sample of 1,085 nightlife patrons recruited outside 12 popular nightclubs in Oslo, Norway, in 2014. Patrons were classified using multiple approaches, including latent class analysis. Group differences were examined by logistic regression models. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Participants were classified into 5 mutually exclusive groups: 2 among &lt;i&gt;current non-users&lt;\/i&gt; (\u201cNever-users\u201d; \u201cPrevious users\u201d), 2 among &lt;i&gt;current users&lt;\/i&gt; (\u201cMultiple drugs\u201d; \u201cCannabis mainly\u201d) and one \u201cIncomplete information\u201d group. Meaningful differences across these groups were observed. For instance, positive tests for any illicit drug were more common in \u201cMultiple drugs\u201d group than in \u201cCannabis mainly\u201d (62.7 vs. 29.1%, adjusted OR [aOR] 3.77 [2.42\u20135.84]) or \u201cIncomplete information\u201d groups (62.7 vs. 34.4%, aOR 2.46 [1.26\u20134.79]). Despite their self-declared non-use, illicit substances were detected in oral fluids of \u201cNever-users\u201d (13.1%; 95% CI 9.9\u201317.2) and \u201cPrevious users\u201d (7.9%; 95% CI 5.1\u201312.1). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Despite some discrepancies between self-reports and biological tests, self-reports proved both suitable and useful in identification of substantively different drug-user typologies, potentially informing targeted policy responses. Still, methodological challenges associated with onsite studies of illicit drug use should be further explored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000497318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T07:55:04Z","timestamp":1550649304000},"page":"93-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Identification and Assessment of Drug-User Groups Among Nightlife Attendees: Self-Reports, Breathalyzer-Tests and Oral Fluid Drug Tests"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anne\u00a0Line","family":"Bretteville-Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6730-1321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmina","family":"Burdzovic\u00a0Andreas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linn","family":"Gjersing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth\u00a0Leere","family":"\u00d8iestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hallvard","family":"Gjerde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]]},"container-title":["European Addiction Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/497318","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/497318","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:17:17Z","timestamp":1745425037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000497318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000497318","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.7717844","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1022-6877","1421-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-6877","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}