{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T14:50:07Z","timestamp":1780325407785,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Recent studies reported conflicting results on the relationship between antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO<sub>4<\/sub>) exposure and neonatal intestinal injury. Most studies have not assessed MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> exposure quantitatively and none reported the exposure timing. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> The aim of this work was to assess whether there is a temporal or dose-dependent relationship between antenatal MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> exposure and intestinal injury in extremely preterm neonates. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> A retrospective study was made of inborn neonates with gestational age \u226428 weeks and\/or birth weights \u22641,000 g. Primary outcomes included necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP), and\/or death prior to discharge or in the first 2 weeks of life. Outcome comparisons were made based on the timing of MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> exposure, within 7 days (Mg7D) or within 3 days (Mg3D) of birth. Total cumulative doses for the Mg3D group were also computed. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> A total of 302 neonates were included, 210 in the Mg7D group, out of whom 179 (85.2%) constituted the Mg3D group. There were no differences noted when comparing MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> exposure timing and the likelihood of NEC, SIP, and\/or death. This remained the same for subgroup analysis of neonates &#x3c; 26 weeks\u2019 gestation. Each 10-g increase in MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> cumulative dose correlated with a decrease in SIP\/NEC\/death by 18.9% prior to discharge and by 21.9% in the first 2 weeks of life. Small for gestational age (SGA) was a potential effect modifier by a likelihood ratio test with <i>p<\/i> = 0.07. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> Antenatal MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> exposure in extremely preterm neonates was not associated with an increased risk of intestinal injury or death, and might have reduced these complications in a dose-dependent manner in our study. This protective effect was more noticeable in SGA neonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000497412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T21:07:26Z","timestamp":1554844046000},"page":"371-378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Lack of Evidence for Time or Dose Relationship between Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate and Intestinal Injury in Extremely Preterm Neonates"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8307-6569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Mikhael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Bronson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lishi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Curran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kushal\u00a0Y.","family":"Bhakta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181b43b0e"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181d4ffa5"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.20.2669"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01162.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0801187"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004661.pub3"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.106"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1581059"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.274"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603344"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200038040-00002"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000319049"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1548541"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-22.2.112"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.12.060"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1606358"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904223401603"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.01.036"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.06.007"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1552939"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/497412","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/497412","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:17:57Z","timestamp":1745425077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000497412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000497412","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}