{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:39:18Z","timestamp":1785321558798,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The gut-liver-axis presents the pathophysiological hallmark for multiple liver diseases and has been proposed to be modulated during stress and shock. Access to the gut-liver-axis needs crossing of the mucus and gut-vascular barrier. The role of \u03b2-adrenoreceptor-activation for both barriers has not been defined and is characterized here. Methods: Splanchnic \u03b2-adrenergic stimulation was achieved by chronic intraperitoneal application of isoproterenol via alzet-pump in vivo. The intestinal permeability and gut-vascular barrier function was assessed in ileal loop experiments. The extravasation of predefined sizes of fluorescence isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran molecules in ileal microcirculation was evaluated by intravital confocal laser endomicroscopy in vivo. Mucus parameters thickness, goblet cell count and mucin-expression were assessed by stereomicroscopy, immunostaining and RNA-sequencing respectively. Ileal lamina propria (LP) as well as mesenteric lymph node mononuclear cells was assessed by FACS. Results: Healthy mice lack translocation of 4 kDa-FITC-dextran from the small intestine to the liver, whereas isoproterenol-treated mice demonstrate pathological translocation (PBT). Mucus layer is reduced in thickness with loss of goblet-cells and mucin-2-staining and -expression in isoproterenol-treated animals under standardized gnotobiotic conditions. Isoproterenol disrupts the gut vascular barrier displaying Ileal extravasation of large-sized 70- and 150 kDa-FITC-dextran. This pathological endothelial permeability and accessibility induced by isoproterenol associates with an augmented expression of plasmalemmal-vesicle-associated-protein-1 in intestinal vessel. Ileal LP after isoproterenol treatment contains more CD11c+-dendritic cells (DC) with increased appearance of CCR7+ DC in mesenteric lymph nodes. Conclusions: Isoproterenol impairs the intestinal muco-epithelial and endothelial-vascular barrier promoting PBT to the liver. This barrier dysfunction on multiple levels potentially can contribute to liver injury induced by catecholamines during states of increased \u03b2-adrenergic drive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000502112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]],"date-time":"2019-09-28T00:57:13Z","timestamp":1569632233000},"page":"717-729","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Isoproterenol Disrupts Intestinal Barriers Activating Gut-Liver-Axis: Effects on Intestinal Mucus and Vascular Barrier as Entry Sites"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Marcel","family":"Sorribas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"de\u00a0Gottardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheida","family":"Moghadamrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsin","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Spadoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rescigno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiner","family":"Wiest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"container-title":["Digestion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/dig\/article-pdf\/101\/6\/717\/4028240\/000502112.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/dig\/article-pdf\/101\/6\/717\/4028240\/000502112.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:48:33Z","timestamp":1745423313000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000502112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000502112","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-2823","1421-9867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-2823","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9867","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]}}}